Pathian leh Laws of Thermodynamics: Mechanical Engineer thlirna lam aṭangin - I - Rinfela Zadeng (Vawiin Vanglaini 8th November 2024)

Vanglaini

 Michael A. Boles (Associate Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University NCSU) leh Yunus A. Cengel (Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno) te lehkhabu ziah 'Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach' -ah chuan, “Thermodynamics innghahna lungphumte (Principles) hi universe insiam tirh aṭang rengin a awm tawh a ni,” tiin an ziak a. Heng thermodynamics principles te hi an pawimawh reng bawk a, a bikin engineering lamah; tunlaia engineering lama thiamna tam zawk hi heng lungphuma innghat tlat a ni a. 

Michael J. Moran, 'Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics' tih lehkhabu ziaktu chuan “Tha chakna (energy) kan tih hi thermodynamics-ah chuan a laimu a ni a, engineering bihchiannaah pawh a peng pawimawh ber zing ami a ni e," a ti a. Thermodynamics hi thil lo awm ṭan dan chhuina - thilsiam (creation) a ni emaw zawi muanga lo awm (evolution) a ni emaw tih chungchangah hian ṭangkaina an nei em? Tunlai science thiamnaah hian hman ṭangkaina an awm em? I han chhui zau teh ang.

Eng nge Thermodynamics?

Thermodynamics tih thumal hi Father of Thermodynamics ti hiala an koh Lord Kelvin-a'n( William Thomson ti a koh ṭhin) a hmang hmasa ber a. Greek ṭawng thumal pahnih -  therme ‘sa/lumna’ tih leh dunamis  ‘chakna/thiltihtheihna’ tih lakkawp aṭanga lokal a ni a. Thermodynamics kan tih chuan tha chakna (energy) chungchang, lumna nena a inkungkaih dan te nena zirna a ni ber. Thermodynamics chungchang zirbingna hi  hun rei tak atangin a lo awm tawh a, chuvang chuan tunlaiah chuan a innghahna lungphum hrang hrang hi scientist ten an hrechiang tawh a. Heng an hriat tawhsa te atang hian awlsam takin an thilsiam turah te an hmang ṭangkai mai thei tawh a ni.

 

Thermodynamics dân pakhatna leh dân pahnihna

Thermodynamic innghahna lungphum zingah 'First Law of Thermodynamics' leh 'Second Law of Thermodynamics' te hi a pawimawh zual a. Engineer te tan chauh ni lo, Universe lo insiam dan leh a siamtu chungchang inhnialna atan pawha pawimawh tak heng thil awmphung sawifiahna dan (law) te hi eng nge an nih chiah han en ila -

Pakhatna : First law of thermodynamics hi Robert Mayer-a duan chhuah a ni a. He dan/law-in a sawi ber chu “Tha chakna/energy hi a siamchawp theih loh a, a tihbo theih bawk hek lo; mahse a awm dan chi khat a\angin awm dan chi dangah erawh a chantir theih.” He principle hi “conservation of energy principle” ti te pawhin an sawi reng a. Entirna pakhat pe ta ila. Thing kan tuah a, thing chu a lo kang a. Chu thinga energy awm chu a lo kan takah chuan lumnaah a lo chang zel a. thinga energy awmsa a kha a bo chuang loa, mahse a kan tam ang zelin a energy neih chu awm phung dangah a insawn a ni ber. He principle hi kawng hrang hranga a rintlakzia finfiah tawh a ni a, mi ṭhenkhat chuan science zirna huang chhunga principle hrang hrang zingah a ṭangkai ber a ni e an ti hial a ni.

Pahnihna : Second Law of Thermodynamics ti a kan hriat hi Lord Kelvin leh Rudolph Clausius-a ten a hran ve vea an thil hmuhchhuah aṭanga duan chhuah a ni a. He principle-in a sawi chu, energy awmphung pakhat atanga energy awmphung danga a lo chan hian, a awmdan hmasa ai khan a hnuhnung zawk kha hman ṭangkai emaw, hman nawn leh emaw a harsa sawt ṭhin. Nichina thing tuah kang chungchang kan sawiah pawh khan, a thinga a awm lai aiin a kan hnu meivap leh lumna a chan ral tak hnu chuan a tangkaina a tlem sawt a, lakkhawm leh pawh a har zawk. Energy pakhat aṭanga a danga a chan tawh hnuin, a tira a energy awm dan phung zawkah khan a dah let leh theih tawh loh. Entirnan - meivapa chang tawh kha, amah aṭanga lumna chhuak tawhte lakhawm leh vekin thing la hal kan hauh lohah chan let ngaihna a awm tawh lo.

Chuvang chuan, kan universe hian tha chakna energy hman ṭangkai theih a nei tlem tial tial a. Lord Kelvin-a’n a sawi angin energy te hi dan rual lohin mihringten kan chân zel a; an bo ta chu a ni lo a, mahse hmantlak lohah an ral zel a ni. Chu chu 'entropy principle' kan tih chu a lo ni ta a.

Entropy principle-in a sawi dan chuan khawvel awmdan phung rengah a buai leh hnawk zawngin thil hi a kal zel mai a ni. Entirnan -  i ina rawng i hnawih kha a rawng thar leh dak nalh hlarh khan a awm reng thei em? I fapa pindan kha hun a rei ang zelin a lo felfai tual tual ang em? Nge a hnawk tulh tulh zawk? I fapa tihhnawk kher loh pawhin vaivut khu leh thildang vangin a hnawkin a bal thuai ang. 

A awmzia berah chuan kan Universe hi a buaichuar zawngin a kal ve hrim hrim a; kan chenna in ngei pawh kan tuaihnum reng chung pawhin hlui leh chhiat lam a pan tho a. Kan tuai hnum loh phei chuan a chhiat chak zia ang chiah hian, engmah ti lo ila, thil reng reng hi anmahniin a chhe zawngin an kal zel ang - hman tlak loh an nih thlengin. Chu chu second law of thermodynamics/ law of entropy-in a sawi chu a ni ber mai e. 

Entropy hi khawvel awmphung reng a ni a, a chhiat chak chak dan te chu mihringte thiltih hmang te pawhin kan timuang a ni thei e, mahse eng kawng maha pumpelh theih erawh a ni lo. Chuvang chuan engineering hmang tein energy a lothlawna kal ral a tlem theih dan tur te, energy a \angkai thei ang bera hman theih dan tur te kan ngaihtuah reng a ni. Chutiang chuan electric siamchhuah nan turbine khawl te an siam a, tuihu emaw gas emaw tui chakna hmang emaw tein energy hman ṭangkaina khawl an siam chhuak a. Eng anga siamin nge energy tam thei ang ber a ṭangkai zawnga kan chhuah theih ang tih ngaihtuah reng rengin engineer mi thiamte an hmanhlelh hle ṭhin.

Engineer-te chuan a ṭha thei ang ber (100%) turin khawl te an thiam tawkin han duang sateh mah se, energy zawng zawng hman ṭangkai tlaka chantir chhuak tur chuan eng khawl mah an chhuah thei chuang lo. Khawl ṭhenkhat chu 90% hmantlak thahrui nei te'n an siam chhuak thei chungin, energy eng emaw zat tal chu hman zui theih lohin a liam lo thei lo. Entropy kan sawifiah tak ang khan, universe a thil awm reng reng hi chhiat lam pan zawng zelin a kal a, energy awmdan pakhat aṭanga awm dan danga chantir a nihin 'energy loss' a awm zel ṭhin tih kha a dik zel tihna. Mihring thiamna sang zel pawhin energy zaah zaa hman tlakah an let chhuak thei chuang si lo.

Engineer ṭhenkhat chuan entropy (universe a thil awmte a chhia/hnawk lam zawng zela an kal kha) tihmuan tum chu an hun pumpuia an mutmawh berah an nei hial a. Chutiang tak chuan heng principle te hi science huang chhungah chuan thudik leh rintlaka pawm leh buaipui a ni.

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language chuan science huang chhunga “law” tih hian “thil inkungkaih dan, a sawi chin huang chhunga kawng hrang hrangah pawh danglam ve mai mai lo, sawifiahna a ni e” tiin a a hrilhfiah a. Heng scientific law te hi danglam lo, ngai reng an ni tihna a ni a. Chumi awmzia chu, hemiah hi chuan a nihphung (case) a dang bik deuh a, a dik (follow) ve chiah lo han tihna tur ang  engemaw (exception) pawh awm lovin a dik vek tihna a ni ber ang chu. 

Evolutionist Jeremy Rifkin chuan “He Entropy Law hi ngaihdan pawm hlawh ber a ni ngei dawn” tiin he themodynamic laws rintlakzia hi a lo fak a. Albert Einstein pawhin scientific law zinga pawimawh ber leh chungnungber a ti hial. Pathianin a duang a, Creationists ten chu chu an ring a, Engineer ten an hmang ṭangkai bawk a. Mahse Evolutionists ho chuan an ngaihdan vawn lai nen an enrem thiam tlat lo thung. 

Kan la chhunzawm leh ang.